passage_id stringlengths 26 63 | source_label stringclasses 83
values | source_url stringclasses 22
values | chunk_index int64 0 1.11k | subcorpus stringclasses 4
values | text stringlengths 49 7.02k | n_words int64 9 170 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_91dbc2a473a9996b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 7 | policy | risk avoidance, there’s a world of social and economic opportunities in helping communities to protect against, manage, and build back better following, the physical impacts of climate change. This country’s domestic experience and expertise in flood and coastal risk management protects millions of people every year an... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_755a5a81bd19181a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 8 | policy | Flood and Water Management Act 2010 places a statutory duty on the Environment Agency to develop a National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk a framework Management Strategy for England. This Strategy describes what needs to for guiding the be done by all risk management authorities involved in flood and coastal operation... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_f6929dc3b212ca1b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 9 | policy | the risks and consequences of flooding from rivers, the sea, groundwater, reservoirs, ordinary watercourses, surface water and sewers and coastal erosion. This Strategy will not be effectively delivered by risk management authorities working on their own. We all need to take action now so that we are ready for what the... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_b66e154fe76238e6 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 10 | policy | Strategy sets out the long-term delivery objectives the nation should take over the next 10 to 30 years as well as shorter term, practical measures risk management authorities should take working with partners and communities. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 10 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 10 This Strategy recognises that every ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_87a92c732eb83cd8 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 11 | policy | risk management, better protecting 300,000 homes between 2015 and 2021 (Environment Agency, 2019m). We cannot eliminate the risk of all flooding and coastal change. But the nation’s investment in flood and coastal defences has been effective at better protecting properties and reducing the impacts of flooding on people... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_6ed7d642da7d2212 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 12 | policy | at least 14 times greater (Environment Agency, 2020e). In the 2020 Budget, the government committed to doubling expenditure on flood and coastal risk management to £5.2 billion between 2021 and 2027 (HM Treasury, 2020). This record-breaking spending will better protect a further 336,000 homes and properties as well as ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_913b8957305175b5 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 13 | policy | we found it (Defra, 2018a). According to the 2018 UK Climate Change Projections average sea level could increase by over a metre by the end of the century (Met Office, 2019), underlining the importance of acting now to adapt to flooding and coastal change. In 2019 the government set a new target requiring the UK to bri... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7432ce492b1ade2c | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 14 | policy | public bodies around the world are preparing, responding and adapting to future flood and coastal risks. According to the World Health Organisation climate change is one of the greatest threats to global health in the 21st century (WHO, 2015). Collectively improvements in our understanding of climate science, learning ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_5a8801a756c93027 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 15 | policy | has 3 long-term ambitions, underpinned by evidence about future risk and investment needs. They are: — Climate resilient places: working with partners to bolster This Strategy calls resilience to flooding and coastal change across the nation, for the nation to both now and in the face of climate change embrace a broad ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_f3d77d6a70b632db | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 16 | policy | embrace a broad range of resilience actions including better protection to flooding and coastal change. We must continue to do what we have been doing: building and maintaining strong defences to reduce the risk of places being flooded. In the face of a changing climate, we need to also make our places more noitcudortn... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_8622c5a5fc259ccf | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 17 | policy | and coastal incidents through timely and effective forecasting, warning and evacuation. Furthermore, it needs to be about helping communities and local economies recover more quickly after a flood or ‘building back better’ so that properties and infrastructure are more resilient to future flooding. Looking out to 2100,... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_367fb51b6ecc9fec | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 18 | policy | and coastal change into daily activities across a range and projects, as well as long-term strategic investment plans and of futures. strategies for places and catchments. By doing so we can better equip practitioners and policy makers to make the best decisions, taken at the right time to benefit people, infrastructur... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_44312389bd8a0c9b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 19 | policy | the flow of water to improve resilience to both floods and droughts — maximise opportunities to work with farmers and land managers to help them adapt their businesses and practices to be resilient to flooding and coastal change — develop adaptive pathways in local places that equip practitioners and policy makers to b... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_880a63f050e3eb51 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 20 | policy | floods have demonstrated the vulnerability of critical infrastructure, such as electricity sub-stations and water treatment plants, causing considerable disruption and economic damage. This directly affects peoples’ everyday lives by disrupting the essential services they rely on. As the population grows, we are likely... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_5608dc8a16dca534 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 21 | policy | to the threats from flooding and coastal change can enable growth in a sustainable and climate resilient way. More focus is also needed on encouraging property owners to ‘build back better’ after a flood and to mainstream property flood resilience measures that reduce flood damages and enable faster recovery for local ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_145b8cab05f7c537 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 22 | policy | reduce damages and enable faster recovery for local communities — provide expert advice on how infrastructure providers (road, rail, water and power supplies) can ensure their investments are more resilient to future flooding and coastal change avoiding disruption to peoples’ lives and livelihoods noitcudortnI ycnegA t... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_0c3886859937f36a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 23 | policy | are damaged or disrupted. For every household directly affected during For every a large flood, about 16 people suffer knock-on effects from losses household directly of utility services (Environment Agency, 2019a – derived). affected during a We have a world class flood forecasting and warning service. large flood, ab... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_300f8effe23204fb | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 24 | policy | risks people face. Risk management authorities, local responders and the insurance sector also have a key role to play in helping people and businesses recover more quickly after flooding. We also need to be better at mobilising support from the third sector following significant flooding. The threats posed by a changi... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_1a10f2a27180c94d | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 27 | policy | taking forward the Strategy which will be published by April 2021. The next review of the Strategy is planned for 2026. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 16 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 16 Setting the context A Strategy for flooding and coastal change The Flood and Water Management Act 2010 places a statutory duty on the Environme... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_090abae95e410e2f | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 28 | policy | decision making of practitioners, and helps to deliver government’s describes what flood and coastal erosion policy statement (Defra, 2020e). needs to be done by This Strategy will not be effectively delivered by risk management all risk management authorities working on their own. We all need to take action now so tha... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_cade0fe10ce2edc6 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 30 | policy | and coastal change. A lot has happened since 2011, including significant events such as the 2013 east coastal tidal surge, the 2013 to 2014 winter flooding in the south of England, the 2015 to 2016 winter flooding in the north of England and the loss of homes to coastal erosion in Hemsby during the storms of March 2018... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_3c53d8a2cf300a04 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 31 | policy | than when we found it. According to the 2018 UK Climate Change Projections average sea level could increase by over a metre by the end of the century, underlining the importance of acting now to adapt to future flooding and coastal change. In 2019 the government set a new target requiring the UK to bring all greenhouse... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_bd8180631d3e3427 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 32 | policy | better protecting 300,000 homes between 2015 and 2021. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 18 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 18 Between 2015 and 2021 £29.4 billion £2.7 billion Over in benefits through damages of government funding and avoided from 300,000 households £600 million being better protected over of partner contributions in... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_941d0a4b6a4fe6f9 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 33 | policy | the impacts of flooding on peoples’ lives and livelihoods. We have seen progressively fewer properties flooded following recent incidents. In the floods of summer 2007, about 55,000 homes and businesses were flooded. In the winter 2015 to 2016 floods it was around 21,000 and during the winter 2019 to 2020 floods it was... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_309ab54ce37bd167 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 34 | policy | economic damages* 2012 2013/14 Many events across England South east and coastal flooding on East Coast 4,662 Properties flooded 13,604 Properties flooded 52,000 Properties protected 1.4 million Properties protected £276 million Estimate of economic £1,387 million Estimate of economic damages* damages* 2015/16 2019/20 ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_14a16fdd5c5327d2 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 35 | policy | management per home at risk of flooding is the equivalent of £430 – the equivalent of £700 in the North, £380 in the Midlands and £335 in the South (Environment Agency, 2019c). The government’s partnership funding approach has generated further significant investment from those benefitting from the programme, with cont... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_e7c96d835814e04f | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 36 | policy | funded the highest priority projects, leaving the lower priority projects unfunded. The approach to funding flood and coastal erosion risk management projects shares the costs between national and local sources of funding. Any project where the benefits are greater than the costs can qualify for a contribution from gov... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_2a37fe0078f4b0fe | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 37 | policy | for it to go ahead. Partnership funding has enabled more projects to go ahead overall, giving communities a bigger say in the flood and coastal risk solutions being developed in their local places. In 2020 the government amended the Partnership Funding rules to improve the way Government funding is allocated to flood c... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_4b284ad511e73cde | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 38 | policy | change by also including people and properties that would potentially become at risk over the lifetime of a project — improving the payment rates for environmental benefits to capture more fully the wider environmental benefits delivered by flood and coastal erosion risk management projects and to help support nature b... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_392a3dadaf02d3ed | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 40 | policy | to habitats, plants, wildlife and cultural heritage. According to the World Health Organisation climate change is one of the greatest threats to global health in the 21st century (WHO, 2019). Global average temperatures have already warmed 1˚C above preindustrial temperatures, and summer heat waves like 2018 are likely... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_03c6b2de1b40bd3e | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 41 | policy | lifestyles, economy, infrastructure and local places to make us more resilient and adaptable to future consequences). We need to both limit future climate change as well as adapt to the climate change that now cannot be stopped. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 22 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 22 By 2050 there could be The UK aver... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_6b2af93fd8b9edbd | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 42 | policy | by 2100 Figure 4: Current and future climate, flooding and coastal change risks (sources, Environment Agency, 2019 & Met Office, 2018, UKCP18 Headline Findings). In response to tackling the problem of climate change, the government has enshrined in law a commitment to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050. It is impo... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_06741a005a05d818 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 43 | policy | a vital contribution to make to achieving net zero and driving change at a local level. Environment Agency – net zero 2030 TThe Environment Agency (2019) has set itself a goal to become a net zero organisation by 2030. It is also exploring whether it can become an absolute zero organisation – one that does not produce ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_d8650eef4bd49444 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 44 | policy | Environment Agency will adopt an approach that not only accounts for the carbon emissions it produces itself but also those produced through its supply chain. The Environment Agency’s main carbon footprint comes from constructing flood defences and pumping water to alleviate flood and drought. The emissions from these ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_d9124772e0c62a9e | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 45 | policy | greenhouse gas emissions, some further climate change is now inevitable. It is therefore essential that we get ready for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. In all future climate scenarios, we’ll experience a continued rise in sea level well into the next century due to the long response time of sea levels to pa... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_4299c3214805f219 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 46 | policy | emission scenarios (IPCC 2019). Higher sea levels will cause waves to carry greater energy to noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 24 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 24 shore, which will affect our coastal defences and cause further impact to communities already affected by coastal flooding and erosion. Research from the Environment Age... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_f622ca696406503a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 47 | policy | we are resilient to future climate hazards and potential economic shocks that impact our prosperity. Resilience and adaptation This Strategy calls for the nation to embrace a broad range of resilience actions including better protection to flooding and coastal change. We frame resilience in terms of the capacity of peo... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_e879e7b247d85859 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 48 | policy | and recover elements (Defra, 2020e). We must continue to do what we have been doing: building and maintaining strong defences to reduce the risk of places being flooded. We have a world-class track record of delivering high quality flood and coastal defences and this will remain vitally important. In the face of a chan... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_58ba1bde656f8829 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 50 | policy | and the every place is environments in which we all live and work. For some it might be different and that their county, city, town or village. For others, a place could mean a river catchment, a tidal estuary or part of the coast. There’s no right people will define or wrong definition of place in terms of its scale o... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_cdb1418a6a64ff59 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 51 | policy | flooding and coastal change does not respect administrative boundaries. It may be more appropriate in some cases to align a plan for a place with existing flood risk and shoreline management plans (See strategic objective 1.2). Putting people and places at the heart of decision making for planning and adapting to futur... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_89cb7080bb6d1327 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 52 | policy | and negative effects for people and wildlife. Understanding and reducing the negative impacts is an important task for all risk management authorities and also helps to ensure we maintain the resilience of the environment. We should also seek opportunities to encourage nature based solutions, particularly at a river ca... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_b16198be71d8fa4a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 53 | policy | by undertaking local assessments to help identify and manage potential environmental impacts associated with specific plans and projects. The Environment Agency’s Habitat Compensation programmes play a key role in monitoring habitat gains and losses, while also supporting the development of replacement habitat to overc... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_713c5c4ace2ad6b6 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 54 | policy | by improving the public realm and the provision or accessibility of green space. The objectives and measures in this Strategy are intended to ensure that, while managing flooding and coastal change, risk management authorities also support the achievement of wider environmental objectives. This is primarily in relation... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_f89b98f6053bad1f | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 55 | policy | with local partners to take a catchment based approach to promoting a healthy water environment for the benefit of people and wildlife. Risk management authorities should also contribute towards sustainable development. Government guidance to the Environment Agency and to other risk management authorities sets out what... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_ce150a94363110e4 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 56 | policy | risk management authorities in managing flooding and coastal change in England. The Environment Agency, lead local flood authorities (county councils and unitary authorities), district councils (which may also be called borough or city councils), internal drainage boards, highways authorities and water and sewerage com... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_a710266cacfdedd4 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 58 | policy | Wales must co-operate with Natural Resources Wales and other Welsh risk management authorities. Annex A includes a more detailed explanation of the current roles and responsibilities of the organisations with statutory flood and coastal erosion risk management responsibilities. Co-operation, partnership working and inf... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_59b6a62d3537916e | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 60 | policy | flooding and coastal change. Across the country there are many formal and informal groups and partnerships which have been set up. For example: — Many lead local flood authorities have set up local flood risk management partnerships which bring together risk management authorities and others in their areas to help with... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_1395deb410e0e094 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 61 | policy | coastal erosion risks in their regions. They include elected members from lead local flood authorities. The committees are also a mechanism for sharing information and helping to achieve the best use of resources across a whole region. They are responsible for ensuring there are coherent plans for identifying, communic... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_1687e5dba576591b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 62 | policy | overview and assurance that the bodies involved in flood and coastal risk management are meeting the relevant governance and performance requirements. These include the regional flood and coastal committees, local authority Overview and Scrutiny Committees and the Environment Agency’s strategic overview role. The Envir... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_92258972d67955ec | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 63 | policy | Environment Agency to facilitate a joined up and consistent approach towards tackling future flood and coastal erosion risks across the nation. The strategic overview role encompasses the Environment Agency’s development and application of this Strategy. This Strategy is a good example of what we can achieve by working... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7283ce8b71ecc8b4 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 64 | policy | the impacts on people, businesses, infrastructure and the environment, as well as the future investment needs — providing data and evidence – through risk mapping, modelling and assessment – to help inform the decisions made by risk management authorities at a range of spatial scales — providing advice and guidance on ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_43f860bfa0e19c17 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 65 | policy | how investments to manage flooding and coastal change projects can deliver integrated nature based solutions that protect and enhance the environment — providing advice on the skills risk management authorities need to effectively address flooding and coastal change — coordinating risk management authority investments ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_71b58473611677cf | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 66 | policy | are consulted and assurance role to give consent to the Environment Agency’s flood and coastal erosion risk management investment programmes (see Annex A for further details of promote efficient, statutory obligations of regional flood and coastal committees). targeted and risk- based investment Local authority overvie... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_ab5c1961cb38c3fb | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 67 | policy | able to undertake a review of the event or review the current arrangements for local flood risk management in the area. Risk management authorities have to comply with requests for information from overview and scrutiny committees. Post-flood investigations Lead local flood authorities also have a duty under section 19... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_cd1af1d2fb56b2ed | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 68 | policy | the Local Audit and Accountability Act 2014 or the charities commission. Monitoring and Reporting Under section 18 of the Floods and Water Management Act 2010, the Environment Agency must produce Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Reports’ (the ‘section 18’ reports). These reports must include information about ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_9b8df75147428b64 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 69 | policy | on track to support the Strategy’s vision and longer term objectives. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 32 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 32 Future risk and investment Strategic objective A: Between now and 2025 the Environment Agency will have better evidence to inform future risk and investment needs for managing all sources of fl... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_c3841125ad0472be | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 71 | policy | that will provide a single picture of current and future flood risk from rivers, the sea and surface water, using both existing detailed local information and improved national data. The new risk assessment will be available as open data and will provide risk management authorities, infrastructure providers, insurers a... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_9f1bb920b8d8a76e | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 72 | policy | from these sources are better understood. Between now and 2024, the Environment Agency will continue to make targeted improvements in surface water mapping and detailed local modelling for supporting flood risk projects and strategies. For example, the Environment Agency is working with local partners to improve our un... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_449e80ae57dfd6da | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 73 | policy | investment provide the baseline for the Environment Agency’s long-term investment scenarios show scenarios. These were updated in 2019, and provide an economic that for every £1 assessment showing what flood and coastal risk management could look like over the next 50 years (Environment Agency, 2019a). The spent on pro... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_5ab2525b65379dd4 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 74 | policy | investment from central and local government alongside partnership funding contributions, but does not suggest how much each sector should pay. If we are to avoid risk getting worse, the Environment Agency estimates that in the long-term as a nation we need to spend an average of over £1 billion a year – which is a min... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_606af009c512c449 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 75 | policy | in England High climate Outcomes £1 billion No overall change (4 degree of planning long term change warming) policy and its average annual in risk + + implementation investment = Figure 6: Environment Agency long-term investment scenarios for managing flooding and coastal change. We can also draw out the following fin... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_339583646e786f67 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 76 | policy | natural flood management activities have an important role to play in working with natural processes to slow the flow or store floodwaters. — A greater take up of property flood resilience could help to significantly reduce flood risk for individual property owners. The long-term investment scenarios show the potential... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_5638a8afe7fc5959 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 77 | policy | should mean many of these pressure, effective new properties will be in areas with low to very low likelihood local implementation of flooding due to the presence of existing flood and coastal of government defences. Where it is not possible to avoid development in flood planning policy will risk areas, government plan... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_dc57e51af1d9951a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 78 | policy | authorities implement national planning policy effectively, the increase in future property damage from flooding should be relatively modest at 4%. However, if national planning policy or its local implementation is weakened, the outlook could be very different, with property damages potentially increasing by over 30% ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_cdb94cad4b27cf2f | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 79 | policy | estimate. Many infrastructure owners have invested to improve infrastructure resilience, as outlined in the National Flood Resilience Review (Cabinet Office, 2016). As a result, some infrastructure on the floodplain is resilient to a very high level of protection. Future long-term investment scenarios The findings from... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_81f72f6d4df7bd2c | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 80 | policy | resilience and adaptation to future climate risks. noitcudortnI ycnegA tnemnorivnE 36 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 36 Measure A.1: By 2023 the Environment Agency will work with coast protection authorities to improve the National Coastal Erosion Maps to strengthen the evidence base for coastal adaptation investments and decision... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_83d798c90fd55f74 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 81 | policy | flood and coastal resilience. Finding new funding and financing sources Figure 7: Bacton to Walcott Sandscaping Scheme, Norfolk. The Environment Agency’s long-term investment scenarios show that we need sustained investment in flood and coastal resilience over the coming decades. To achieve this we need to explore and ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_63373a2792b19093 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 82 | policy | (2015 to 2021) are coming from local authorities or other public authorities (Environment Agency, 2019d). In the future we will need more partnership funding from non-public sources. Identifying new sources of funding is not a new challenge. There are already examples of where new sources of partnership funding have he... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_edcc75efa5049ac3 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 83 | policy | takings and supply chain failures which impact on earnings, profits, jobs and livelihoods. By helping businesses realise the financial benefits of becoming more resilient to flooding and coastal change it makes it easier to secure contributions. Case studies on innovative funding Securing funding from infrastructure pr... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7a2d90a9c6ad9de2 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 84 | policy | United Kingdom’s gas supply. This coastal frontage was badly impacted during the December 2013 surge. The total project costs were approximately £20 million with the majority of funding coming from the Bacton Gas terminal operators. Whilst better protecting the site and nearby villages from coastal erosion and flood ri... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_b00bba74e6896e00 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 85 | policy | million of contributions secured from local businesses. Sheffield City Council led on development of the project with support from the Environment Agency and the Lower Don Valley Business Improvement District. The project better protects 500 businesses, 36 homes and thousands of jobs. The defences are designed to prote... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7c01b4068319f189 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 86 | policy | In this case, a community interest company was established to raise funds to maintain the coastal defences along the Wash on the East Coast. This was done in partnership with the Environment Agency and local district council (Environment Agency, 2015). This Strategy identifies opportunities for risk management authorit... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_a149a3ae51b6964a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 87 | policy | they face can help secure finance from other private sector sources. The Task Force for Climate Related Financial Disclosure has developed a framework that allows companies to disclose information and report on the climate risks they face to their investors, lenders, insurers, and other stakeholders. In the Green Finan... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_fa4bb5b6fdcc72b2 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 88 | policy | Environment Agency will work with other risk management authorities and private sector partners to trial new and innovative financing to improve flood and coastal resilience. Measure B.2: By 2025 risk management authorities will encourage the development of the skills and capabilities they need to help secure new and i... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_35211880dfa5f35c | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 89 | policy | a climate resilient nation. We need to be able to plan to adapt to a range of climate change scenarios, including higher scenarios such as a 4°C rise in global average temperatures. Progress towards climate resilient places Risk management authorities and other partners have already made progress towards having more cl... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_8e8d68207bcea4d8 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 91 | policy | 42 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 42 Existing approaches to flood and coastal risk management have been developed through our response to flood events in the past rather than the climate challenges we will face in the future. While it will never be possible to prevent all flooding and coastal change, we all have a role to play in ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_76f92876478ffac7 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 92 | policy | flooded. In places like the Thames Estuary it makes economic sense to continue to invest heavily in engineered solutions to improve resilience. But the protection provided by flood and coastal defences can only ever be part of the solution for creating more climate resilient places. Building our way out of managing fut... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_ac8c53af40c39590 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 93 | policy | to contain an extreme flood through an urban area may require unacceptably high flood walls, or a lot more space for accommodating flood waters. The value people put on the look and feel of a place means we have to think even more creatively about how to reduce risk and create climate resilient places. For instance, in... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_9ba7d03b4114494e | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 94 | policy | less harm to people, does much less damage, and ensures life can get back to normal much quicker. Alongside flood and coastal defences, we need a broader range of actions for achieving climate resilient places. This includes avoiding inappropriate development in the floodplain and using nature based solutions to slow t... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_50a480cc0f6917f8 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 95 | policy | management authorities on planning for resilience. Figure 8: New flood defences in Keswick, Lake District. Flood resilience internationally Resilience can be framed in different ways, but there are common themes to how resilience is referred to internationally. To a large extent, resilience is specific to the socio-eco... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_0329f5890544718a | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 96 | policy | defences that are hundreds of years old. Such approaches may no longer be sustainable and we’re starting to see the international community promote the use of nature-based solutions to manage flood risk (World Bank, 2017). For example, the US Army Corps of Engineers promoted community resilience following Hurricane San... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_f22d21ca75ab3677 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 97 | policy | changing climate are far smaller than the considerable damage that flooding and coastal change could cause. What will be different? Risk management authorities will work with partners to: — Deliver practical and innovation actions that help to bolster resilience to flood and coastal change in local places. — Make great... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_0e840625462ec7f1 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 99 | policy | Ready to respond: Planning for and responding effectively to incidents — Recover quickly: Getting back to normal and building back better. snoitibma ruO ycnegA tnemnorivnE 45 ycnegA tnemnorivnE 45 Resilience in places Local choice in local places PLACE MAKING PROTECT IMPROVE PLACE MAKING: BETTER PROTECT: BUILDING MAKIN... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_e1bdbcaf367804f5 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 100 | policy | manage and support wider environmental the flow of water to reduce the risk of benefits. flooding and coastal change. PLAN TO ADAPT RECOVER RESPOND RECOVER QUICKLY: GETTING READY TO RESPOND: PREPARING BACK TO NORMAL AND BUILDING FOR AND RESPONDING BACK BETTER EFFECTIVELY TO INCIDENTS Helping people and local economies ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_17ff1048a38472fc | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 101 | policy | coastal erosion: The Environment Agency’s updated National Flood Risk Assessment, due in 2024, will support improvements to the evidence base for fluvial, coastal and surface water flooding. — Be flexible to local places and reflect local choices: There are many actions that people and places can use to improve resilie... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_b24807366665d497 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 102 | policy | work. — Be adaptable to future climate risks: Planning and adapting to future climate risks is crucial to making sure places remain resilient to future flooding and coastal change over the longer term. This means looking out to 2100 and beyond to ensure we are resilient to future climate hazards. Adaptation planning ne... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_477c10eca399f5d3 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 103 | policy | Improve on land use that policies place reflect current and – Avoiding inappropriate development in flood and making future flooding and coastal erosion risk areas coastal change Improve Planning for – Developing long term approaches to help coastal place coastal transition communities transition and adapt to a changin... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_ddc1011463a671f2 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 105 | policy | erosion events – Building voluntary sector capacity and skills to support Helping people communities with recovery following flooding Recover and local – Developing contingency plans so that utility providers quickly economies recover return water/ power/ communications as soon as possible more quickly after flooding –... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_34a27845481f9ba8 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 107 | policy | groups. The Cumbria flood action plan was developed by the partnership and commits to about 100 actions to increase local flood resilience. This includes investing in flood defences in combination with upstream land management and techniques to slow the flow of flood water upstream of places at risk, whilst maximising ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_1e6279d28b71818d | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 108 | policy | of flooding and coastal change. Examples of resilience actions are shown in Figure 10. The programme will support over 25 places in urban, rural and coastal areas, from the North, the Midlands and the South, to take forward resilience actions. The funding will be available at a strategic scale reflecting county and cat... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_165b9d9023d6262b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 109 | policy | Figure 10. The resilience programme will also be able to test and develop new approaches such as spearheading innovative funding and financing mechanisms for local flood and coastal resilience projects (see strategic objective B). Through its strategic overview role, the Environment Agency will lead and coordinate this... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_47da97baae8b1ed3 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 110 | policy | flooding can change over time. The FEMA Community Rating System (2018) in the United States credits communities for implementing certain flood risk management actions (such as flood defences, warning and informing, relocation, spatial planning and floodplain mapping) rewarding them with reduced flood insurance premiums... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_aafdc4208c980b59 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 111 | policy | the nation’s resilience to flooding was proposed in the 2018 National Infrastructure Assessment (NIC, 2018), which suggested developing a longer term strategy for delivering national standards of resilience by 2050. The government’s Call for Evidence on flooding and coastal erosion policy has also sought to understand ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_ac3ec08e344c4f6b | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 112 | policy | and consequences of flooding and coastal change for people, infrastructure, the economy and the environment. To achieve our objective we have the following measures: Measure 1.1.1: By 2021 the Environment Agency will enhance the appraisal guidance for flooding and coastal change projects, so that investment decisions c... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_b0f19f8c4882b8f1 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 113 | policy | will help places plan and adapt to flooding and coastal change for a range of climate scenarios. To be better prepared for climate change we need to take action now, so we are ready for the impacts and can make sure the places people live and work in are safe and resilient to future flooding and coastal change. The Com... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_9cf45587b55674e7 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 114 | policy | return on investments in improved resilience is very high and that failing to seize the economic benefits of climate adaptation with high-return investments could undermine trillions of dollars in potential growth and prosperity. Specifically, it found that investing $1.8 trillion globally in climate resilient snoitibm... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7821947e5a61869d | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 115 | policy | future flood resilience, with three-yearly reviews to monitor progress with resilience actions and decisions (Rosenzweig, C. and Solecki, W., 2014). Similar approaches have been adopted in Los Angeles (USA), where future flood risk is simulated for a range of sea level rise and climate scenarios to inform the economic ... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_7548505f7885f2db | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 116 | policy | plan for a range. We need to manage this climate uncertainty to enable investment in suitable resilience actions at the points when they will provide maximum benefit. This avoids making investments in flood and coastal resilience too early, too late, too little or too much, avoiding unnecessary flooding and recovery co... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_68a6e18331638d87 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 117 | policy | to better plan for future flood and coastal change and adapt to future climate hazards. They can also be referred to as strategic investment pathways. Taking an adaptive approach is recommended in the government’s Green Book Supplementary Guidance (HMT, 2009) and can reduce overall snoitibma ruO ycnegA tnemnorivnE 52 y... | 170 |
defra_national_fcerm_strategy_0342c1f358448788 | defra_national_fcerm_strategy | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f6b6da6e90e076c182d508d/023_15482_Environment_agency_digitalAW_Strategy.pdf | 118 | policy | world-class system of defences providing protection to 1.3 million people and £275 billion of property and infrastructure from tidal flooding. Climate change, ageing defences, growth and other pressures mean the risk of tidal flooding is increasing over time. The Thames Estuary 2100 Plan, approved by government in 2012... | 170 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.