Today we wanted to release BananaMind 2 Pico, our smallest model yet at ~0.9M parameters. Instead, we accidentally ran a very expensive experiment on what happens when you push a tiny model way past its useful token budget.
Short version: we trained on 200B tokens (~222K:1 tokens-per-parameter). The model peaked at 20B tokens with an INT Index of 4.55, then degraded monotonically over the next 160B to 3.31 โ a 27% regression. Three of four Open SLM benchmarks were worse at the end of training than they were at 10% through.
The useful compute-optimal range for Pico-tier models looks like ~22Kโ30K tokens per parameter. Ratios like 7K:1, 15K:1, and 22K:1 all work fine โ TinyStories and most sub-3M community models sit in this range. Push much further and benchmarks start rotting.
Today we wanted to release BananaMind 2 Pico, our smallest model yet at ~0.9M parameters. Instead, we accidentally ran a very expensive experiment on what happens when you push a tiny model way past its useful token budget.
Short version: we trained on 200B tokens (~222K:1 tokens-per-parameter). The model peaked at 20B tokens with an INT Index of 4.55, then degraded monotonically over the next 160B to 3.31 โ a 27% regression. Three of four Open SLM benchmarks were worse at the end of training than they were at 10% through.
The useful compute-optimal range for Pico-tier models looks like ~22Kโ30K tokens per parameter. Ratios like 7K:1, 15K:1, and 22K:1 all work fine โ TinyStories and most sub-3M community models sit in this range. Push much further and benchmarks start rotting.