| country_code,country,visa_name,duration_months,renewable,cost_usd,min_income_usd_year,processing_days,tax_treatment,tax_note |
| JP,"Japan","Digital Nomad Visa",6,false,30,68000,30,exempt,"Tax-exempt under DN visa (non-resident status maintained)" |
| MX,"Mexico","Temporary Resident Visa",12,true,40,21600,14,standard,"Tax resident if >183 days; progressive rates 1.92-35%; foreign income taxable" |
| VN,"Vietnam","E-Visa + DN-Friendly Extensions",3,true,50,0,3,territorial,"No tax on foreign income if <183 days; progressive rates if resident" |
| CO,"Colombia","V-Nomada Digital (Digital Nomad Visa)",24,true,55,15600,21,territorial,"No tax on foreign-sourced income if not tax resident (<183 days)" |
| HR,"Croatia","Digital Nomad Visa",12,false,55,28215,21,exempt,"Tax-exempt for DN visa holders (no Croatian tax on foreign income)" |
| GR,"Greece","Digital Nomad Visa",12,true,75,42000,30,flat_rate,"50% income tax reduction for 7 years under special regime" |
| ES,"Spain","Digital Nomad Visa (Ley de Startups)",12,true,80,28800,20,flat_rate,"Beckham Law: 24% flat on Spanish-source income up to €600K for 6 years" |
| PT,"Portugal","D8 Digital Nomad Visa",12,true,83,39420,60,flat_rate,"IFICI regime: 20% flat on employment income for 10 years" |
| SI,"Slovenia","Digital Nomad Permit",12,true,100,12816,30,exempt,"No Slovenian tax obligations for DN permit holders" |
| BG,"Bulgaria","Digital Nomad Visa (Freelance Permit)",12,true,100,15600,30,standard,"10% flat income tax — lowest in the EU" |
| CR,"Costa Rica","Digital Nomad Visa (Ley Nómada Digital)",12,true,100,36000,15,territorial,"Territorial tax: foreign income not taxed regardless of residency" |
| EE,"Estonia","Digital Nomad Visa",12,false,100,44640,15,standard,"Standard Estonian tax rates apply if tax resident (20% flat)" |
| HU,"Hungary","White Card (Digital Nomad Permit)",12,true,110,24000,30,standard,"15% flat income tax if tax resident; social contributions may apply" |
| IT,"Italy","Digital Nomad Visa",12,true,116,28800,45,flat_rate,"Impatriate regime: 70% income tax exemption for 5 years (50% in Milan/Rome)" |
| CZ,"Czech Republic","Zivnostensky List (Trade License)",36,true,120,0,90,standard,"15% flat tax on income up to 48x average wage, 23% above" |
| UY,"Uruguay","Remote Worker Residence",12,true,120,18000,30,exempt,"Tax holiday: foreign income tax-free for up to 11 years for new residents" |
| TR,"Turkey","Short-Term Residence (Remote Work)",12,true,150,0,30,territorial,"Foreign-sourced income generally not taxed if <183 days or managed carefully" |
| PA,"Panama","Friendly Nations Visa / Short-Stay Visa",24,true,180,12000,30,territorial,"Territorial tax: 0% on all foreign-sourced income" |
| LK,"Sri Lanka","Digital Nomad Visa",12,true,200,24000,7,exempt,"DN visa holders exempt from Sri Lankan income tax" |
| MY,"Malaysia","DE Rantau (Digital Nomad Pass)",12,true,218,24000,14,territorial,"Foreign-sourced income not taxed; local income taxed at 0-30%" |
| AE,"UAE","Virtual Working Programme (Dubai)",12,true,287,42000,5,exempt,"0% personal income tax in the UAE" |
| TH,"Thailand","Destination Thailand Visa (DTV)",60,false,300,16500,14,territorial,"Foreign income not taxed if not remitted to Thailand in the same tax year" |
| MT,"Malta","Nomad Residence Permit",12,true,300,32400,30,standard,"No Maltese tax on foreign income not remitted to Malta (remittance basis)" |
| ID,"Indonesia","Second Home Visa (B211)",60,false,350,0,14,exempt,"No Indonesian tax if not earning from Indonesian sources" |
