| """ |
| Whole-site crawler for www.achgut.com (Achse des Guten). |
| |
| This is the exact script that produced the Hugging Face dataset |
| https://huggingface.co/datasets/SinclairSchneider/achgut_de — see that dataset card for a |
| step-by-step description of the pipeline. |
| |
| Overview |
| -------- |
| * 32 worker processes share the URL frontier; a URL is routed to a worker by |
| ``int(md5(url).hexdigest(), 16) % 32`` so that no locking is required. |
| * The crawl is seeded with one article URL and discovers everything else by |
| following links below ``https://www.achgut.com/``. |
| * ``get_content()`` turns an article page into a record; pages with an empty |
| body are dropped. Each surviving article is written to |
| ``pages/<flattened-url>.json``. |
| * Known and visited URLs are appended to ``data/thread_<id>_pages*.txt``, so an |
| interrupted crawl resumes where it left off. Create a file named |
| ``killall.txt`` in the working directory to stop all workers cleanly. |
| |
| Usage |
| ----- |
| pip install mechanicalsoup beautifulsoup4 lxml python-dateutil fake-useragent free-proxy |
| python crawler.py |
| |
| Configuration |
| ------------- |
| Copy ``.env.example`` to ``.env`` and uncomment what you need - proxies, worker |
| count, timeout, retries and the seed URL are all read from there (environment |
| variables still win over the file). For a large proxy farm put one proxy per |
| line into a text file and point ``SCRAPER_PROXY_FILE`` at it; see |
| ``proxies.example.txt``. The private proxy addresses used in the original crawl |
| have been removed from this published copy. |
| |
| Please crawl responsibly: honour robots.txt and the site's terms of use, and |
| lower the worker count unless you have the operator's permission. |
| """ |
|
|
| import hashlib |
| import multiprocessing |
| import mechanicalsoup |
|
|
| from bs4 import BeautifulSoup |
| import re |
| import json |
| import os |
| import io |
| import time |
| from datetime import datetime |
| from fake_useragent import UserAgent |
| import random |
|
|
| from dateutil.parser import parse |
|
|
| from fp.fp import FreeProxy |
|
|
| proxy = FreeProxy(country_id=['DE'], rand=True).get() |
| proxies = {"http": proxy, "https": proxy} |
|
|
| base_url = "https://www.achgut.com/" |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| def _load_dotenv(path=".env"): |
| """Read a ".env" file: KEY=VALUE per line, "#" starts a comment. |
| |
| Variables that are already set in the real environment win, so a single run |
| can still be overridden with e.g. ``SCRAPER_THREADS=4 python crawler.py``. |
| """ |
| if not os.path.isfile(path): |
| return |
| with io.open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle: |
| for line in handle: |
| line = line.strip() |
| if not line or line.startswith("#") or "=" not in line: |
| continue |
| key, _, value = line.partition("=") |
| key = key.strip() |
| value = value.strip().strip('"').strip("'") |
| if key and key not in os.environ: |
| os.environ[key] = value |
|
|
|
|
| _load_dotenv() |
|
|
|
|
| def _load_proxy_pool(): |
| """Build the proxy pool from SCRAPER_PROXIES and/or SCRAPER_PROXY_FILE. |
| |
| SCRAPER_PROXIES inline list; entries separated by commas, semicolons, |
| spaces or newlines. |
| SCRAPER_PROXY_FILE path to a file holding one proxy per line, with blank |
| lines and "#" comments allowed. This is the practical |
| form for a whole proxy farm: the pool can be swapped or |
| regenerated without touching the script or the .env. |
| |
| Both may be combined. Entries may be written with or without a scheme |
| ("http://" is assumed when none is given). Duplicates are dropped and an |
| empty pool simply means "connect directly". |
| """ |
| raw = os.environ.get("SCRAPER_PROXIES", "") |
| proxy_file = os.environ.get("SCRAPER_PROXY_FILE", "").strip() |
| if proxy_file: |
| if not os.path.isfile(proxy_file): |
| raise SystemExit("SCRAPER_PROXY_FILE points to a missing file: " + proxy_file) |
| with io.open(proxy_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle: |
| raw = raw + "\n" + handle.read() |
| cleaned = [] |
| for line in raw.splitlines(): |
| line = line.split("#", 1)[0].strip() |
| if line: |
| cleaned.append(line) |
| pool = [] |
| for entry in re.split(r"[,;\s]+", " ".join(cleaned)): |
| entry = entry.strip() |
| if not entry: |
| continue |
| if "://" not in entry: |
| entry = "http://" + entry |
| if entry not in pool: |
| pool.append(entry) |
| return pool |
|
|
|
|
| PROXY_POOL = _load_proxy_pool() |
| NUM_THREADS = int(os.environ.get("SCRAPER_THREADS", "32")) |
| REQUEST_TIMEOUT = float(os.environ.get("SCRAPER_TIMEOUT", "10.0")) |
| MAX_RETRIES = int(os.environ.get("SCRAPER_RETRIES", "1000")) |
| START_URL = os.environ.get("SCRAPER_START_URL", "https://www.achgut.com/artikel/ukraine_krieg_weder_wendepunkt_noch_waffenstillstand") |
|
|
| def log(number, url): |
| if not os.path.isdir("log"): |
| os.mkdir("log") |
| with open("log"+os.sep+"thread_"+str(number)+".txt", "w") as f: |
| f.write(url) |
|
|
| def error(number, url): |
| if not os.path.isdir("error"): |
| os.mkdir("error") |
| with open("error"+os.sep+"thread_"+str(number)+".txt", "w") as f: |
| f.write(url) |
|
|
| def raw(number, url, page_str): |
| if not os.path.isdir("raw"): |
| os.mkdir("raw") |
| with open("raw"+os.sep+"thread_"+str(number)+".txt", "w") as f: |
| f.write(url) |
| f.write(page_str) |
|
|
| def get_content(url, page_str): |
| additional_attributes = { |
| 'author':'', |
| 'description':'', |
| 'keywords':'', |
| 'category':'', |
| 'datePublished':'', |
| 'url':'', |
| } |
| dict_return = {'content':'', 'title':'', 'additional_attributes': additional_attributes} |
| if page_str == "": |
| return dict_return |
|
|
| page_bs = BeautifulSoup(page_str, "lxml") |
|
|
| |
| title = page_bs.find("div", {'id':'article_maincontent'}).find("h2").text if page_bs.find("div", {'id':'article_maincontent'}) != None else "" |
| content = " ".join([x.text for x in page_bs.find("div", {'id':'article_maincontent'}).find_all("p")]) if page_bs.find("div", {'id':'article_maincontent'}) != None else "" |
| author = page_bs.find("div", {'id':'author_header'}).text if page_bs.find("div", {'id':'author_header'}) != None else "" |
| description = page_bs.find("meta", {'name':'description'}).get('content', '') if page_bs.find("meta", {'name':'description'}) != None else "" |
| keywords = [x for x in page_bs.find("meta", {'name':'keywords'}).get('content', '').split(",") if x != ''] if page_bs.find("meta", {'name':'keywords'}) != None else [] |
| category = page_bs.find("meta", {'property':'og:type'}).get('content', '') if page_bs.find("meta", {'property':'og:type'}) != None else "" |
| datePublished = "".join([x for x in page_bs.find("div", {'class':'teaser_text_meta'}).contents if x.name == None]).replace("\t","").replace("\n", "").replace("/","").replace(" ", " ").strip() if page_bs.find("div", {'class':'teaser_text_meta'}) != None else "" |
| |
| additional_attributes = { |
| 'author':author, |
| 'description':description, |
| 'keywords':keywords, |
| 'category':category, |
| 'datePublished':datePublished, |
| 'url':url, |
| } |
| dict_return = {'content':content, 'title':title, 'additional_attributes': additional_attributes} |
| return dict_return |
| |
| def get_urls(page_str): |
| return_urls = set() |
| page_bs = BeautifulSoup(page_str, "lxml") |
| for tag in page_bs.findAll("a", href=True): |
| url = tag.get("href", '') |
| if url.startswith(base_url): |
| return_urls.add(url) |
| if url.startswith("/"): |
| url = base_url + url |
| return_urls.add(url) |
| return return_urls |
|
|
| def readSavedData(iId, sPageset, sPagesetVisited): |
| if not os.path.isdir("data"): |
| os.mkdir("data") |
| if os.path.isfile("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages.txt"): |
| with io.open("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f: |
| for line in f: |
| line = line.replace("\n", "") |
| if line != "": |
| sPageset.add(line) |
|
|
| if os.path.isfile("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages_visited.txt"): |
| with io.open("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages_visited.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f: |
| for line in f: |
| line = line.replace("\n", "") |
| if line != "": |
| sPagesetVisited.add(line) |
|
|
| def addStartChannel(sPage, iNumberOfThreads, lQueues): |
| iIndex = int(hashlib.md5(sPage.encode("utf")).hexdigest(),16)%iNumberOfThreads |
| lQueues[iIndex].put(sPage) |
|
|
| def getNextPage(lQueues, iId, sPageset, sPagesetVisited): |
| while True: |
| if os.path.isfile("killall.txt"): |
| return None |
|
|
| while not lQueues[iId].empty(): |
| sPage = lQueues[iId].get() |
| iLenBefore = len(sPageset) |
| sPageset.add(sPage) |
| iLenAfter = len(sPageset) |
| if iLenBefore != iLenAfter: |
| with io.open("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as f: |
| if sPage != "" and sPage != "\t": |
| f.write(sPage + "\n") |
| sPagesetToVisit = sPageset - sPagesetVisited |
|
|
| if len(sPagesetToVisit) != 0: |
| sPage = list(sPagesetToVisit)[0] |
| return sPage |
| else: |
| print("Thread " + str(iId) + " is waiting") |
| time.sleep(3) |
|
|
| def addPagesToVisit(sPages, iNumberOfThreads, lQueues): |
| for sPage in sPages: |
| if sPage != "": |
| iIndex = int(hashlib.md5(sPage.encode("utf")).hexdigest(), 16) % iNumberOfThreads |
| lQueues[iIndex].put(sPage) |
|
|
| def addVisitedPages(sPage, sPagesetsetVisited, iId): |
| iLenBefore = len(sPagesetsetVisited) |
| sPagesetsetVisited.add(sPage) |
| iLenAfter = len(sPagesetsetVisited) |
| if iLenBefore != iLenAfter: |
| with io.open("data/thread_"+str(iId)+"_pages_visited.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as f: |
| if sPage != "": |
| f.write(sPage+"\n") |
|
|
| def crawler(iId, iNumberOfThreads, lQueues): |
| sPageset = set() |
| sPagesetVisited = set() |
| readSavedData(iId, sPageset, sPagesetVisited) |
|
|
| while True: |
| sPage = getNextPage(lQueues, iId, sPageset, sPagesetVisited) |
| if sPage is None: |
| break |
|
|
| if (not "/files/" in sPage) and \ |
| (not "/video/" in sPage) and \ |
| (not ".jpg" in sPage) and \ |
| (not ".pdf" in sPage) and \ |
| (not "#" in sPage) and \ |
| (not "app-eu.readspeaker.com" in sPage) and \ |
| (not ".epub" in sPage): |
|
|
| log(iId, sPage) |
| for i in range(MAX_RETRIES): |
| try: |
|
|
| lproxies = PROXY_POOL |
| proxy = lproxies[int(int(time.time()/10))%len(lproxies)] if lproxies else None |
| proxies = {'https': proxy, 'http': proxy} if proxy else {} |
| |
| browser = mechanicalsoup.StatefulBrowser() |
| browser.session.proxies = proxies |
| browser.set_user_agent('Mozilla/5.0') |
| headers = { |
| 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', |
| 'Accept-Language': 'de-DE,de;q=0.9', |
| 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br', |
| 'Connection': 'keep-alive', |
| 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1', |
| 'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'document', |
| 'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate', |
| 'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin', |
| 'Sec-Fetch-User': '?1', |
| 'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0' |
| } |
| browser.session.headers.update(headers) |
|
|
| ua = UserAgent() |
| browser.set_user_agent(ua.random) |
| time.sleep(random.uniform(1.0, 3.5)) |
|
|
| |
| browser.open(sPage, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT) |
| page = browser.get_current_page() |
| page_str = str(page) |
| raw(iId, sPage, page_str) |
| if "Es ist ein Fehler aufgetreten (Fehlernummer: 1047)." in page_str: |
| print("error, we will wait a moment and continue") |
| time.sleep(1) |
| continue |
| if "You don't have permission to access this resource." in page_str: |
| print("error 403, we will wait a moment and continue") |
| time.sleep(10) |
| continue |
| break |
| except Exception as e: |
| print(sPage) |
| print(f"Error: {str(e)} - Rotating proxy") |
| print("retry") |
| time.sleep(3) |
| |
| browser.close() |
| continue |
| |
| browser.close() |
| else: |
| page_str = "" |
|
|
| try: |
| content = get_content(sPage, page_str) |
| except: |
| error(iId, sPage) |
| |
| if content['content'] != '': |
| file_path = sPage.replace(base_url+"/", "").replace("/", "_")[-200:] |
| file_path = "pages/"+file_path |
| file_path = file_path[:-1] if file_path.endswith("_") else file_path |
| file_path = file_path+".json" |
| content_json = json.dumps(content) |
| with open(file_path, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f: |
| f.write(content_json) |
| else: |
| pass |
|
|
| sPages = get_urls(page_str) |
| addPagesToVisit(sPages, iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addVisitedPages(sPage, sPagesetVisited, iId) |
|
|
| print("Thread: " + str(iId) + " chanels visited: " + str(len(sPagesetVisited)) + " channels to visit: " + str(len(sPageset - sPagesetVisited))) |
|
|
| def main(): |
| if not os.path.isdir("pages"): |
| os.mkdir("pages") |
|
|
| iNumberOfThreads = NUM_THREADS |
| lQueues = [] |
| mgr = multiprocessing.Manager() |
| for i in range(iNumberOfThreads): |
| qQueue = mgr.Queue() |
| lQueues.append(qQueue) |
|
|
| lIds = range(0, iNumberOfThreads) |
| lNumberOfThreads = [iNumberOfThreads] * iNumberOfThreads |
| llQueues = [lQueues] * iNumberOfThreads |
| addStartChannel(START_URL, iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/artikel/kommt_jetzt_die_musk_partei", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche/P10", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche/P20", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche/P30", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche/P40", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.com/woche/P50", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| addStartChannel("https://www.achgut.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#artikelarchiv", iNumberOfThreads, lQueues) |
| lArguments = list(zip(lIds, lNumberOfThreads, llQueues)) |
| with multiprocessing.Pool(processes=iNumberOfThreads) as pool: |
| pool.starmap(crawler, lArguments) |
|
|
| if __name__ == "__main__": |
| main() |
