# Running Linux on Altera MAX10 FPGA board This short document contains some information about running Linux on MIPSfpga-plus system that is deployed on Terasic DE10-Lite development board with Altera MAX10 chip and SDRAM. It is based on the MIPSfpga-SOC package documents. ## Prerequisites - Terasic DE10-Lite development board (Altera MAX10 FPGA chip + SDRAM 64MB); - Bus blaster or MPSSE EJTAG debugger is connected and configured (for onboard debug) - Quartus Prime 16.1 for FPGA configuration synthesis; - Ubuntu 17.04 (x64) virtual machine for Linux and RAM-disk build with Codescape MIPS MTI GNU Linux toolchain installed and available from $PATH. - Ubuntu packages: openocd build-essential git libncurses5-dev bc unzip ## MIPSfpga-plus RTL settings - those lines should be uncommented in mfp_ahb_lite_matrix_config.vh: ``` `define MFP_USE_SDRAM_MEMORY `define MFP_USE_DUPLEX_UART ``` - if you are using MPSSE debugger board (not BusBlaster) then ``` `define MFP_USE_MPSSE_DEBUGGER ``` - you have to build the MIPSfpga-plus SoC and program the FPGA device. ## Kernel and RAM-disk build In program/10_linux directory. - get Linux and Buildroot source ``` git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git kernel git clone git://git.buildroot.net/buildroot ``` - buildroot configure and build (using 2017.05.1 tag = commit f3d8beeb3694) ``` cd buildroot git checkout 2017.05.1 git apply ../patches/MIPSfpga_buildroot.patch make xilfpga_static_defconfig make ``` - Linux configure (using v4.12.1 tag = commit cb6621858813) ``` cd ../kernel/ ls -l ../buildroot/output/images/rootfs.cpio git checkout v4.12.1 git apply ../patches/MIPSfpga_linux.patch make ARCH=mips xilfpga_de10lite_defconfig make ARCH=mips menuconfig ``` - RAM-disk support enable: ``` General setup / [*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support Initramfs source file(s) ../buildroot/output/images/rootfs.cpio [*] Support initial ramdisks compressed using gzip Save -> Exit ``` - Linux kernel build ``` make ARCH=mips CROSS_COMPILE=mips-mti-linux-gnu- ``` ## Device programming and kernel run - to see the system log you have to connect to the UART port ``` minicom --device /dev/ttyUSB1 ``` to exit minicom use **CTRL+A**, then **X** - turn off the hardware flow control in minicom settings: press **CTRL+A**, then **O** -> *Serial port setup* -> **F** *Hardware flow control* - upload and run kernel. You can upload the kernel that was build by yourself ``` ./01_upload_compiled_image.sh ``` or use the already prepared kernel image from '10_linux/image' directory ``` ./00_upload_presaved_image.sh ``` - after the shord delay (because of EARLY_PRINTK disabled) the log like this will be shown: ``` Linux version 4.12.1+ (stas@ubuntu) (gcc version 4.9.2 (Codescape GNU Tools 2016.05-06 for MIPS MTI Linux) ) #1 Sat Jul 22 14:35:05 MSK 2017 CPU0 revision is: 00019e60 (MIPS M14KEc) MIPS: machine is terasic,de10lite Determined physical RAM map: memory: 04000000 @ 00000000 (usable) Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd Primary instruction cache 4kB, VIPT, 2-way, linesize 16 bytes. Primary data cache 4kB, 2-way, VIPT, no aliases, linesize 16 bytes Zone ranges: Normal [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Movable zone start for each node Early memory node ranges node 0: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256 Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Memory: 60512K/65536K available (1830K kernel code, 99K rwdata, 320K rodata, 944K init, 185K bss, 5024K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) NR_IRQS:8 clocksource: MIPS: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 38225208935 ns sched_clock: 32 bits at 50MHz, resolution 20ns, wraps every 42949672950ns Console: colour dummy device 80x25 Calibrating delay loop... 10.81 BogoMIPS (lpj=21632) pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) devtmpfs: initialized clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes) clocksource: Switched to clocksource MIPS random: fast init done workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=14 bucket_order=0 Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled console [ttyS0] disabled b0400000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xb0401000 (irq = 0, base_baud = 3125000) is a 16550A console [ttyS0] enabled Freeing unused kernel memory: 944K This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. mount: mounting devpts on /dev/pts failed: No such device mount: mounting tmpfs on /dev/shm failed: Invalid argument mount: mounting tmpfs on /tmp failed: Invalid argument mount: mounting tmpfs on /run failed: Invalid argument Starting logging: OK Initializing random number generator... done. Starting network: ip: socket: Function not implemented ip: socket: Function not implemented FAIL Welcome to MIPSfpga mipsfpga login: ``` ## GPIO test - enter the system as 'root' - GPIO init and value set ``` ls /sys/class/gpio/ export gpiochip480 unexport mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug cat /sys/kernel/debug/gpio gpiochip0: GPIOs 480-511, parent: platform/bf800000.gpio, bf800000.gpio: echo 480 > /sys/class/gpio/export echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio480/direction echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio480/value ``` - after those actions LED0 should be ON