Add 11 bundle(s): iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge, rippled_overlay_handshake_ecdsa_burn, rippled_tls_slow_handshake

README.md

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ size_categories:
   - n<1K
 ---
 
-<!-- nr-bundle-count: 671 -->
+<!-- nr-bundle-count: 682 -->
 <!-- nr-chains: aptos,bitcoin,cardano,casper,conflux,cosmos,dogecoin,ethereum,icon,iota,kaspa,libp2p,litecoin,monero,solana,solana-agave,sui,xrp,zcash -->
 <!-- Keep the count marker equal to the live dataset's bundle-dir count. scripts/publish_dataset.py
      (--card at publish, --check-card-only for daily monitoring) asserts it and fails loud on drift. -->
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ size_categories:
 # nr-bundles-public
 
 <!-- AUTO:headline:BEGIN — generated by scripts/dataset_card_composition.py from the live+staged bundle set; do not hand-edit -->
-A curated, multi-modal dataset of blockchain validator infrastructure under attack and benign workloads. **671 bundles** across **19 chains and network stacks** (Aptos, Bitcoin, Cardano, casper, conflux, Cosmos, Dogecoin, Ethereum, icon, IOTA, kaspa, libp2p, Litecoin, Monero, Solana, Solana (Agave), Sui, XRP, zcash), all thirteen families in the taxonomy (twelve attack classes plus `benign`), and **123 attack primitive_ids** — including faithful wire-level reproductions of **68 publicly disclosed CVEs and security advisories** in blockchain node software. Released as the public sample of NullRabbit's bundle corpus, which underpins [NullRabbit Labs'](https://huggingface.co/NullRabbit) ML research on autonomous defence for decentralised networks.
+A curated, multi-modal dataset of blockchain validator infrastructure under attack and benign workloads. **682 bundles** across **19 chains and network stacks** (Aptos, Bitcoin, Cardano, casper, conflux, Cosmos, Dogecoin, Ethereum, icon, IOTA, kaspa, libp2p, Litecoin, Monero, Solana, Solana (Agave), Sui, XRP, zcash), all thirteen families in the taxonomy (twelve attack classes plus `benign`), and **126 attack primitive_ids** — including faithful wire-level reproductions of **68 publicly disclosed CVEs and security advisories** in blockchain node software. Released as the public sample of NullRabbit's bundle corpus, which underpins [NullRabbit Labs'](https://huggingface.co/NullRabbit) ML research on autonomous defence for decentralised networks.
 <!-- AUTO:headline:END -->
 
 ## What this dataset is
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ These are **validator / node-software** vulnerability classes only. On-chain con
 ## What's included
 
 <!-- AUTO:totals:BEGIN — generated by scripts/dataset_card_composition.py; do not hand-edit -->
-**671 bundles total: 664 attack, 7 benign.** By provenance class: **249 `original`** (NullRabbit's own disclosed findings, each with a published operator advisory), **31 legacy-sample** (the 2026-05-13 Solana/Sui curation), and **391 `public-cve-replication`** (faithful reproductions of already-public CVEs / advisories). The raw `packets.pcap` is dropped from every bundle (`BundleFiles.packets_pcap=False`); no pre-termination pcap variant is retained.
+**682 bundles total: 675 attack, 7 benign.** By provenance class: **260 `original`** (NullRabbit's own disclosed findings, each with a published operator advisory), **31 legacy-sample** (the 2026-05-13 Solana/Sui curation), and **391 `public-cve-replication`** (faithful reproductions of already-public CVEs / advisories). The raw `packets.pcap` is dropped from every bundle (`BundleFiles.packets_pcap=False`); no pre-termination pcap variant is retained.
 <!-- AUTO:totals:END -->
 
 The `Pcap modality` column in the tables below specifies which network-layer file is present on disk per bundle: `pre-term TLS` means `pcap_pre_termination.pcap` is retained (encrypted TLS frames; IP/TCP headers visible); `none` means the raw `packets.pcap` was dropped and no pre-term variant exists (`BundleFiles.packets_pcap=False` in the manifest).

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crp_02ef11f789334425/manifest.json

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+{
+  "bundle_version": 3,
+  "shape": "v0.0",
+  "corpus_id": "crp_02ef11f789334425",
+  "attack_id": "atk_02ef11f789334425",
+  "genome_id": "f1eb6e2b1a50f024",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "compute_amp",
+  "primitive_id": "iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge",
+  "posture": "mimicry",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "iota",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_iota_iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge_mimicry_r3",
+  "target_env": "iota-jsonrpc-http",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:27.122493Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:36.939874Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "mimicry",
+    "rep": 3,
+    "layer": "iota-jsonrpc-devinspect",
+    "method": "iota_devInspectTransactionBlock",
+    "workers": 4,
+    "duration_s": 9.0,
+    "per_call_sleep_s": 0.05,
+    "mimicry": true,
+    "burn_n": 500,
+    "burn_pkg": "0x6a552aab8abb7e03cc121f067498e4dc49da0eaf7342bf5f650e472e3b84fa31",
+    "burn_call": "burn::burn_cpu_vector",
+    "request_bytes": 705,
+    "max_gas_computation_bucket": 5000000,
+    "compute_nanos_per_call": 4597000000,
+    "measured_cpu_avg_pct": 152.4,
+    "measured_cpu_peak_pct": 394.7,
+    "measured_p99_ms": 1426,
+    "measured_p99_baseline_ms": 18,
+    "measured_xnet_calls_per_s": 7.1,
+    "devinspect_calls": 332,
+    "benign_calls": 328,
+    "calls": 332,
+    "observed_calls_per_s": 36.9
+  },
+  "expected_detection_signature": null,
+  "files": {
+    "packets_pcap": false,
+    "host_parquet": false,
+    "app_parquet": false,
+    "protocol_parquet": false,
+    "responses_parquet": false,
+    "vectors_parquet": false
+  },
+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_iota_f14_devinspect": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://docs.iota.org/references/iota-api/iota/method/iota_devInspectTransactionBlock (iota-core authority.rs dev_inspect_transaction_block synchronous Move-VM path; iota-json-rpc-api/src/write.rs exposes iota_devInspectTransactionBlock)",
+    "source_note": "IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement.",
+    "class": "known-class-public-disclosure",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): iota_devInspectTransactionBlock Move-VM CPU-wedge request flood. IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement."
+}

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+  "bundle_version": 3,
+  "shape": "v0.0",
+  "corpus_id": "crp_14d70dd8b8d848aa",
+  "attack_id": "atk_14d70dd8b8d848aa",
+  "genome_id": "de3227b4b6e68230",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "connection_exhaustion",
+  "primitive_id": "rippled_tls_slow_handshake",
+  "posture": "saturating",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "xrp",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_xrp_rippled_tls_slow_handshake_saturating_N1000_r2",
+  "target_env": "rippled-tls",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:28.747575Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:31.616965Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "saturating",
+    "rep": 2,
+    "layer": "rippled-tls",
+    "attack_family_label": "handshake_flood",
+    "target": "peer",
+    "target_port": 51235,
+    "peer_port_51235": 51235,
+    "rpc_https_port_5006": 5006,
+    "conns": 1000,
+    "partial_ch_bytes": 5,
+    "partial_ch_hex": "1603010200",
+    "handshake_deadline": false,
+    "per_ip_half_open_cap": false,
+    "pace_s": 0.0,
+    "hold_s": 2.0,
+    "measured_peer_rss_delta_mb_at_n": 97,
+    "measured_peer_kb_per_conn_at_n": 97.0,
+    "measured_ceiling_conns": 10000,
+    "measured_ceiling_rss_delta_mb": 745,
+    "measured_cumulative_pin_mb": 1850,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "connections_attempted": 1000,
+    "connections_opened": 1000,
+    "partial_ch_sent": 1000,
+    "bind_fail": 0,
+    "distinct_src_ips": 1,
+    "bytes_sent_per_conn": 5,
+    "bytes_sent_total": 5000
+  },
+  "expected_detection_signature": null,
+  "files": {
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+    "app_parquet": false,
+    "protocol_parquet": false,
+    "responses_parquet": false,
+    "vectors_parquet": false
+  },
+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_rippled_tls_slow": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled \u2014 inbound peer TLS listener OverlayImpl::onHandoff (boost::asio::ssl::stream::async_handshake, peer port 51235) + JSON-RPC HTTPS listener (port 5006): no handshake deadline (cf. outbound ConnectAttempt.cpp:153), no per-IP half-open cap (Resource::Consumer OverlayImpl.cpp:235 gates rate not count).",
+    "source_note": "rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE.",
+    "class": "handshake-flood",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "measured_ceiling_conns": 10000,
+    "measured_ceiling_rss_delta_mb": 745,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris flood. rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE."
+}

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+  "bundle_version": 3,
+  "shape": "v0.0",
+  "corpus_id": "crp_1a154aba26d544cd",
+  "attack_id": "atk_1a154aba26d544cd",
+  "genome_id": "7c831f9130bbed2d",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "connection_exhaustion",
+  "primitive_id": "rippled_tls_slow_handshake",
+  "posture": "low-volume",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "xrp",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_xrp_rippled_tls_slow_handshake_low-volume_N200_r0",
+  "target_env": "rippled-tls",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:22.476606Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:25.410787Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "low-volume",
+    "rep": 0,
+    "layer": "rippled-tls",
+    "attack_family_label": "handshake_flood",
+    "target": "peer",
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+    "partial_ch_hex": "1603010200",
+    "handshake_deadline": false,
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+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "connections_attempted": 200,
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+    "distinct_src_ips": 1,
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+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_rippled_tls_slow": "1.0"
+    },
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+    "public_source": "https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled \u2014 inbound peer TLS listener OverlayImpl::onHandoff (boost::asio::ssl::stream::async_handshake, peer port 51235) + JSON-RPC HTTPS listener (port 5006): no handshake deadline (cf. outbound ConnectAttempt.cpp:153), no per-IP half-open cap (Resource::Consumer OverlayImpl.cpp:235 gates rate not count).",
+    "source_note": "rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE.",
+    "class": "handshake-flood",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "measured_ceiling_conns": 10000,
+    "measured_ceiling_rss_delta_mb": 745,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris flood. rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE."
+}

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+  "bundle_version": 3,
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+  "corpus_id": "crp_36e1a5b3686d4df9",
+  "attack_id": "atk_36e1a5b3686d4df9",
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+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "compute_amp",
+  "primitive_id": "iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge",
+  "posture": "distributed",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "iota",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_iota_iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge_distributed_r2",
+  "target_env": "iota-jsonrpc-http",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:17.389759Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:26.634767Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "distributed",
+    "rep": 2,
+    "layer": "iota-jsonrpc-devinspect",
+    "method": "iota_devInspectTransactionBlock",
+    "workers": 32,
+    "duration_s": 8.0,
+    "per_call_sleep_s": 0.01,
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+    "burn_pkg": "0x6a552aab8abb7e03cc121f067498e4dc49da0eaf7342bf5f650e472e3b84fa31",
+    "burn_call": "burn::burn_cpu_vector",
+    "request_bytes": 705,
+    "max_gas_computation_bucket": 5000000,
+    "compute_nanos_per_call": 4597000000,
+    "measured_cpu_avg_pct": 152.4,
+    "measured_cpu_peak_pct": 394.7,
+    "measured_p99_ms": 1426,
+    "measured_p99_baseline_ms": 18,
+    "measured_xnet_calls_per_s": 7.1,
+    "devinspect_calls": 13954,
+    "benign_calls": 0,
+    "calls": 13954,
+    "observed_calls_per_s": 1744.2
+  },
+  "expected_detection_signature": null,
+  "files": {
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+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_iota_f14_devinspect": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://docs.iota.org/references/iota-api/iota/method/iota_devInspectTransactionBlock (iota-core authority.rs dev_inspect_transaction_block synchronous Move-VM path; iota-json-rpc-api/src/write.rs exposes iota_devInspectTransactionBlock)",
+    "source_note": "IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement.",
+    "class": "known-class-public-disclosure",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): iota_devInspectTransactionBlock Move-VM CPU-wedge request flood. IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement."
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+  "bundle_version": 3,
+  "shape": "v0.0",
+  "corpus_id": "crp_48fb83bd06704c77",
+  "attack_id": "atk_48fb83bd06704c77",
+  "genome_id": "af2ce9869a94a5b2",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "compute_amp",
+  "primitive_id": "rippled_overlay_handshake_ecdsa_burn",
+  "posture": "saturating",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "xrp",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_xrp_rippled_overlay_handshake_ecdsa_burn_saturating_r0",
+  "target_env": "rippled-overlay",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:34:40.181912Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:34:41.375071Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "saturating",
+    "rep": 0,
+    "layer": "rippled-overlay-tls",
+    "peer_protocol": "XRPL/2.2",
+    "handshake_headers": [
+      "Public-Key",
+      "Session-Signature"
+    ],
+    "sig_scheme": "secp256k1-ecdsa",
+    "pubkey_encoding": "base58-NodePublic",
+    "coincurve_keys": true,
+    "fresh_conn_per_handshake": true,
+    "single_source_ip": true,
+    "handshakes_planned": 350,
+    "worker_threads": 1,
+    "inter_handshake_sleep_s": 0.0,
+    "measured_rate_hs_per_s": 1117,
+    "measured_core_pct": 76,
+    "measured_per_handshake_ms": 0.68,
+    "measured_n": 1000,
+    "measured_wall_s": 0.9,
+    "per_ip_throttle_gates_count": false,
+    "handshakes_ok": 350,
+    "handshakes_fail": 0,
+    "request_bytes_sent": 131242,
+    "lab_wall_s": 0.392,
+    "lab_rate_hs_per_s": 893.1,
+    "server_handshakes": 350,
+    "server_with_pubkey": 350,
+    "server_with_sig": 350,
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+  },
+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_rippled_overlay_handshake": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled (overlay peer handshake: Handshake.cpp:318 verifyDigest -> PublicKey.cpp:222-267 secp256k1_ecdsa_verify; per-IP Resource::Consumer at OverlayImpl.cpp:235)",
+    "source_note": "rippled overlay peer handshake (peer port 51235) runs a secp256k1 ECDSA verify per handshake (Handshake.cpp:318 -> PublicKey.cpp secp256k1_ecdsa_verify), reached post-TLS / pre-cluster-check. The documented per-IP Resource::Consumer defence gates request-rate budget, NOT handshake COUNT: a single attacker IP sustained 1117 handshakes/sec (1000 handshakes in 0.90 s, 0.68 ms server CPU each) -> ~76% of one CPU core burned; all returned HTTP 400 but were fully processed and the single source IP was never throttled. chains/xrp/findings/V0_RIP_OVERLAY_HANDSHAKE_ECDSA; NullRabbit measurement.",
+    "class": "measured-handshake-cpu-burn",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "measured_rate_hs_per_s": 1117,
+    "measured_core_pct": 76,
+    "measured_per_handshake_ms": 0.68,
+    "measured_n": 1000,
+    "measured_wall_s": 0.9,
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): rippled overlay TLS + HTTP-Upgrade secp256k1-ECDSA handshake-flood (single IP, per-IP throttle gates rate not count). rippled overlay peer handshake (peer port 51235) runs a secp256k1 ECDSA verify per handshake (Handshake.cpp:318 -> PublicKey.cpp secp256k1_ecdsa_verify), reached post-TLS / pre-cluster-check. The documented per-IP Resource::Consumer defence gates request-rate budget, NOT handshake COUNT: a single attacker IP sustained 1117 handshakes/sec (1000 handshakes in 0.90 s, 0.68 ms server CPU each) -> ~76% of one CPU core burned; all returned HTTP 400 but were fully processed and the single source IP was never throttled. chains/xrp/findings/V0_RIP_OVERLAY_HANDSHAKE_ECDSA; NullRabbit measurement."
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+  "genome_id": "dbc50767c92fcb7a",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "connection_exhaustion",
+  "primitive_id": "rippled_tls_slow_handshake",
+  "posture": "distributed",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "xrp",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_xrp_rippled_tls_slow_handshake_distributed_N500_r1",
+  "target_env": "rippled-tls",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:25.780414Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:28.619297Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "distributed",
+    "rep": 1,
+    "layer": "rippled-tls",
+    "attack_family_label": "handshake_flood",
+    "target": "peer",
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+    "peer_port_51235": 51235,
+    "rpc_https_port_5006": 5006,
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+    "partial_ch_hex": "1603010200",
+    "handshake_deadline": false,
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+    "measured_ceiling_conns": 10000,
+    "measured_ceiling_rss_delta_mb": 745,
+    "measured_cumulative_pin_mb": 1850,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "connections_attempted": 500,
+    "connections_opened": 500,
+    "partial_ch_sent": 500,
+    "bind_fail": 0,
+    "distinct_src_ips": 8,
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+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_rippled_tls_slow": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled \u2014 inbound peer TLS listener OverlayImpl::onHandoff (boost::asio::ssl::stream::async_handshake, peer port 51235) + JSON-RPC HTTPS listener (port 5006): no handshake deadline (cf. outbound ConnectAttempt.cpp:153), no per-IP half-open cap (Resource::Consumer OverlayImpl.cpp:235 gates rate not count).",
+    "source_note": "rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE.",
+    "class": "handshake-flood",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "measured_ceiling_conns": 10000,
+    "measured_ceiling_rss_delta_mb": 745,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_conns": 1000,
+    "measured_ulimit1024_crash_seconds": 14,
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris flood. rippled inbound TLS half-open slowloris (RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE): peer port 51235 + RPC-HTTPS 5006 accept TLS with NO handshake deadline and NO per-IP half-open cap. One source IP opens N connections, sends a 5-byte TLS record header (16 03 01 02 00 = Handshake, TLS1.0, len=512) then stalls, pinning server SSL-stream state. Measured vs rippled v3.1.3: N=1000 -> +97 MB, N=5000 -> +444 MB, N=10000 -> +745 MB persistent RSS on the peer port (does not recover on close); a 6-burst series pinned +1.85 GB from a single source IP. At the default ulimit nofile=1024, N=1000 crashes rippled in ~14 s via an uncaught bind-error in the reopenAcceptor EMFILE recovery loop. NullRabbit measurement; chains/xrp/findings/RIP_TLS_SLOW_HANDSHAKE."
+}

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+  "corpus_id": "crp_7c64714b50ad4dde",
+  "attack_id": "atk_7c64714b50ad4dde",
+  "genome_id": "b6654cdd7f1e696f",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "compute_amp",
+  "primitive_id": "iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge",
+  "posture": "saturating",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "iota",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_iota_iota_f14_devinspect_cpu_wedge_saturating_r1",
+  "target_env": "iota-jsonrpc-http",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:07.467182Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:35:16.892671Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "saturating",
+    "rep": 1,
+    "layer": "iota-jsonrpc-devinspect",
+    "method": "iota_devInspectTransactionBlock",
+    "workers": 16,
+    "duration_s": 8.0,
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+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_iota_f14_devinspect": "1.0"
+    },
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+    "public_source": "https://docs.iota.org/references/iota-api/iota/method/iota_devInspectTransactionBlock (iota-core authority.rs dev_inspect_transaction_block synchronous Move-VM path; iota-json-rpc-api/src/write.rs exposes iota_devInspectTransactionBlock)",
+    "source_note": "IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement.",
+    "class": "known-class-public-disclosure",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): iota_devInspectTransactionBlock Move-VM CPU-wedge request flood. IOTA iota_devInspectTransactionBlock async-over-sync Move-VM CPU wedge (F14): the JSON-RPC handler runs the Move VM synchronously on the tokio worker (no spawn_blocking/rayon), bounded only by max_gas_computation_bucket=5_000_000. An unauthenticated, gas-free devInspect call to a published burn_cpu_vector(500) O(N^2) package burns the full compute cap (~4.597B NANOS) inline per call. 16 parallel attackers for 60s drove val-A CPU avg 152.4% / peak 394.7% (~4 cores, 4-vCPU fullnode), healthy-probe RPC p99 18ms->1426ms (85x); consensus held at ~6 cp/s (predicted CRITICAL on 2-vCPU). Ports Sui F14 verbatim. chains/iota/findings/IOTA_F14_DEV_INSPECT; NullRabbit measurement."
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crp_84ec9d6068614774/manifest.json

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+{
+  "bundle_version": 3,
+  "shape": "v0.0",
+  "corpus_id": "crp_84ec9d6068614774",
+  "attack_id": "atk_84ec9d6068614774",
+  "genome_id": "834f5a80e636d929",
+  "assessment_id": null,
+  "family_id": "compute_amp",
+  "primitive_id": "rippled_overlay_handshake_ecdsa_burn",
+  "posture": "distributed",
+  "ground_truth_label": "attack",
+  "chain": "xrp",
+  "run_tag": "knownclass_xrp_rippled_overlay_handshake_ecdsa_burn_distributed_r0",
+  "target_env": "rippled-overlay",
+  "generation_method": "hand",
+  "started_at": "2026-07-09T13:34:41.499338Z",
+  "ended_at": "2026-07-09T13:34:42.420043Z",
+  "attack_parameters": {
+    "posture": "distributed",
+    "rep": 0,
+    "layer": "rippled-overlay-tls",
+    "peer_protocol": "XRPL/2.2",
+    "handshake_headers": [
+      "Public-Key",
+      "Session-Signature"
+    ],
+    "sig_scheme": "secp256k1-ecdsa",
+    "pubkey_encoding": "base58-NodePublic",
+    "coincurve_keys": true,
+    "fresh_conn_per_handshake": true,
+    "single_source_ip": true,
+    "handshakes_planned": 350,
+    "worker_threads": 6,
+    "inter_handshake_sleep_s": 0.0,
+    "measured_rate_hs_per_s": 1117,
+    "measured_core_pct": 76,
+    "measured_per_handshake_ms": 0.68,
+    "measured_n": 1000,
+    "measured_wall_s": 0.9,
+    "per_ip_throttle_gates_count": false,
+    "handshakes_ok": 350,
+    "handshakes_fail": 0,
+    "request_bytes_sent": 131246,
+    "lab_wall_s": 0.12,
+    "lab_rate_hs_per_s": 2925.5,
+    "server_handshakes": 350,
+    "server_with_pubkey": 350,
+    "server_with_sig": 350,
+    "server_request_bytes": 131246
+  },
+  "expected_detection_signature": null,
+  "files": {
+    "packets_pcap": false,
+    "host_parquet": false,
+    "app_parquet": false,
+    "protocol_parquet": false,
+    "responses_parquet": false,
+    "vectors_parquet": false
+  },
+  "provenance": {
+    "traffic_source": "reproducer-attack",
+    "fidelity_class": "lab",
+    "target_authorisation": "self-owned",
+    "engagement_id": null,
+    "tooling": {
+      "known_class_rippled_overlay_handshake": "1.0"
+    },
+    "pcap_path_pre_termination": null,
+    "public_source": "https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled (overlay peer handshake: Handshake.cpp:318 verifyDigest -> PublicKey.cpp:222-267 secp256k1_ecdsa_verify; per-IP Resource::Consumer at OverlayImpl.cpp:235)",
+    "source_note": "rippled overlay peer handshake (peer port 51235) runs a secp256k1 ECDSA verify per handshake (Handshake.cpp:318 -> PublicKey.cpp secp256k1_ecdsa_verify), reached post-TLS / pre-cluster-check. The documented per-IP Resource::Consumer defence gates request-rate budget, NOT handshake COUNT: a single attacker IP sustained 1117 handshakes/sec (1000 handshakes in 0.90 s, 0.68 ms server CPU each) -> ~76% of one CPU core burned; all returned HTTP 400 but were fully processed and the single source IP was never throttled. chains/xrp/findings/V0_RIP_OVERLAY_HANDSHAKE_ECDSA; NullRabbit measurement.",
+    "class": "measured-handshake-cpu-burn",
+    "source_class": "original",
+    "measured_rate_hs_per_s": 1117,
+    "measured_core_pct": 76,
+    "measured_per_handshake_ms": 0.68,
+    "measured_n": 1000,
+    "measured_wall_s": 0.9,
+    "tcpdump_returncode": 0,
+    "capture_module": "chains._shared.capture_multimodal"
+  },
+  "notes": "known-class repro (traffic): rippled overlay TLS + HTTP-Upgrade secp256k1-ECDSA handshake-flood (single IP, per-IP throttle gates rate not count). rippled overlay peer handshake (peer port 51235) runs a secp256k1 ECDSA verify per handshake (Handshake.cpp:318 -> PublicKey.cpp secp256k1_ecdsa_verify), reached post-TLS / pre-cluster-check. The documented per-IP Resource::Consumer defence gates request-rate budget, NOT handshake COUNT: a single attacker IP sustained 1117 handshakes/sec (1000 handshakes in 0.90 s, 0.68 ms server CPU each) -> ~76% of one CPU core burned; all returned HTTP 400 but were fully processed and the single source IP was never throttled. chains/xrp/findings/V0_RIP_OVERLAY_HANDSHAKE_ECDSA; NullRabbit measurement."
+}

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