Trim card: remove paraphrase content and Known Limitations section
Browse files
README.md
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@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ Synthetic Arabic text corpus generated by **NAMAA Community** in support of a
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submission to the [AraGenre 2026 shared task](https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/aragenre/)
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(hierarchical Arabic genre classification, ArabicNLP 2026 / EMNLP 2026). The
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data was produced as a candidate training-augmentation resource for the
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task's low-resource setting
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examples).
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## Dataset Summary
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| Subset | File | Count | Purpose |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Part 1 — train-genre texts | `synth_train_genres.json` | 1,400 | matches the 7 specific genres seen in the
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| Part 2 — dev-genre texts | `synth_dev_genres.json` | 900 | matches the 6 specific genres seen in the
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| Part 3 — hard borderline-case texts | `synth_hard_cases.json` | 300 | harder examples for 5 specific genres, intended to probe genre boundaries |
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| **Combined** | `synth_all.json` | **2,600** | union of Parts 1–3 |
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A separate, **not-newly-synthesized** file is also part of this release:
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| File | Count | Purpose |
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|---|---|---|
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| `paraphrase_train_genres.json` | 236 | Qwen paraphrases of the 140 real AraGenre TRAIN examples (up to 2 paraphrases per original text) |
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Total released records: 2,600 synthetic + 236 paraphrase = **2,836**.
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**Data-quality note (paraphrase file):** the Qwen paraphrase-generation step
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originally produced 280 records, but a pre-release audit found that 44 of
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them (~16%) contained stray non-Arabic (CJK/Chinese) character fragments —
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in several cases entire off-topic Chinese sentences (e.g. unrelated news
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text, or a model refusal message like "无法直接翻译这句话") — mixed into
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the Arabic `text` field, an unfiltered generation artifact. Those 44 records
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were **removed before publishing**; the 236 records in this release were
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verified to contain no CJK characters. If you obtain this file from an
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earlier/unofficial copy, re-run the same CJK filter before using it.
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## Supported Tasks
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- `text-classification`: predict `broad_genre` and/or `specific_genre` for a
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```
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Example record from `paraphrase_train_genres.json` (extra `original_id`
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field linking back to the source real-train example):
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```json
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{
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"id": "paraphrase_train_000001_0",
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"text": "...",
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"broad_genre": "Legal",
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"specific_genre": "Official Statements",
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"source": "synthetic_qwen_paraphrase",
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"original_id": "train_000001"
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}
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```
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### Data Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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| `text` | string | Arabic text snippet |
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| `broad_genre` | string | one of the 6 AraGenre broad categories (`Informative`, `Interactive`, `Creative`, `Learning`, `Legal`, `Religious`) |
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| `specific_genre` | string | fine-grained genre subtype within the broad category |
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| `source` | string | `synthetic_deepseek`
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| `original_id` | string | *(paraphrase file only)* ID of the real AraGenre train example the text paraphrases |
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### Genre Breakdown
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total): `Analytical Reports` (100), `Advice Columns` (50), `Educational
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Explanations` (50), `Motivational Writing` (50), `Religious Commentary`
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(50) — all dev-genre specific genres, generated to be harder / more
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boundary-ambiguous instances than Part 2.
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explicit cross-genre "confusable pair" metadata per record; texts are only
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labelled with a single `broad_genre`/`specific_genre` pair each.
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**Paraphrase file** (`paraphrase_train_genres.json`, 236 texts total after
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CJK-contamination removal, roughly 28–39 per genre): covers the same 7
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specific genres as Part 1 (the real train-set taxonomy), up to 2 paraphrases
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per each of the 140 real train examples — `Cultural Commentary` 39,
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`Public Service Announcements` 37, `Administrative Regulations` 34,
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`Official Statements` 33, `Instructional Guides` 35, `Personal Narratives` 30,
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`Community Discussions` 28.
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## Generation Method
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- **Model**: DeepSeek-V3
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- **Parallelism**: 12 parallel API workers
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- **Prompting**: each generation was prompted with the target genre's
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official AraGenre English definition and asked to produce an Arabic text
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matching that genre's communicative function, register, and structure —
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not just its topic.
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- The paraphrase file instead prompted Qwen to produce paraphrased variants
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of each real AraGenre train example, preserving its original genre labels.
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## Intended Use
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This dataset is intended for **training-data augmentation** when building
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Arabic genre classifiers
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LLMs to generate synthetic *training* data; they do **not** permit using an
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LLM directly on hidden test inputs at inference time in place of a genuinely
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trained/documented system. This dataset supports the former use only and
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should not be treated as a substitute for real, held-out evaluation data.
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## Known Limitations
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**This dataset did not help, and measurably hurt, downstream fine-tuning
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performance in our own experiments.** When used to augment the real AraGenre
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training data for a fine-tuned E5-large sentence-encoder classifier
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(`e5_large_synthetic_augmented.py`, internal ID S32), the resulting model
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scored only **0.3549 hierarchical Macro F1** on the AraGenre dev set —
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substantially below the non-augmented baselines in the same model family
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(e.g. 0.9316 for the equivalent run without synthetic augmentation), and
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also well below the 0.4658 embedding-similarity baseline published by the
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task organizers. On a separate 5-genre held-out generalization check outside
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the AraGenre taxonomy entirely, the same model scored 0.4959 — again the
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second-worst result of everything tested.
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The likely causes, per our internal analysis:
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- **Synthetic:real data imbalance** — the augmented run mixed synthetic data
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into training at roughly a 10:1 synthetic-to-real ratio, which appears to
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have let the synthetic register dominate learned representations.
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- **Register/style mismatch** — DeepSeek-generated Arabic text differs
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systematically from the real, noisier, more dialectally varied Arabic in
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the task's hidden test set (Modern Standard Arabic, Classical Arabic, and
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multiple dialects, with both diacritised and undiacritised text).
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More broadly: this project's entire fine-tuned-encoder lineage (with or
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without this synthetic data) generalized poorly to the real hidden test
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set (collapsing to roughly 0.22–0.44 hierarchical F1), while a separate
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zero-shot LLM pipeline that used no fine-tuning and no synthetic-data
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augmentation scored 0.7013 hierarchical F1 (3rd of 18 teams) on the same
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hidden test set. This dataset is released for transparency and for other
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researchers to study *why* synthetic augmentation underperformed here, not
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as a recommended ingredient for a winning pipeline.
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We recommend downstream users treat this dataset as an experimental /
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research resource and validate any augmentation ratio carefully on their own
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held-out data. The paraphrase file's CJK-contaminated records (44 of the
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original 280) have already been removed from this release — see the note
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above.
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## Dataset Creation
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Source data: the 140 real AraGenre 2026 train examples (public, released by
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the task organizers) and the 8-genre AraGenre taxonomy with English genre
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definitions. This dataset does not include any AraGenre dev or test gold
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labels.
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## Authors
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submission to the [AraGenre 2026 shared task](https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/aragenre/)
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(hierarchical Arabic genre classification, ArabicNLP 2026 / EMNLP 2026). The
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data was produced as a candidate training-augmentation resource for the
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task's low-resource setting.
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## Dataset Summary
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| Subset | File | Count | Purpose |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Part 1 — train-genre texts | `synth_train_genres.json` | 1,400 | matches the 7 specific genres seen in the AraGenre **train** taxonomy |
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| Part 2 — dev-genre texts | `synth_dev_genres.json` | 900 | matches the 6 specific genres seen in the AraGenre **dev** taxonomy |
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| Part 3 — hard borderline-case texts | `synth_hard_cases.json` | 300 | harder examples for 5 specific genres, intended to probe genre boundaries |
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| **Combined** | `synth_all.json` | **2,600** | union of Parts 1–3 |
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## Supported Tasks
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- `text-classification`: predict `broad_genre` and/or `specific_genre` for a
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}
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```
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### Data Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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| `text` | string | Arabic text snippet |
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| `broad_genre` | string | one of the 6 AraGenre broad categories (`Informative`, `Interactive`, `Creative`, `Learning`, `Legal`, `Religious`) |
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| `specific_genre` | string | fine-grained genre subtype within the broad category |
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| `source` | string | `synthetic_deepseek` |
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### Genre Breakdown
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total): `Analytical Reports` (100), `Advice Columns` (50), `Educational
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Explanations` (50), `Motivational Writing` (50), `Religious Commentary`
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(50) — all dev-genre specific genres, generated to be harder / more
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boundary-ambiguous instances than Part 2.
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## Generation Method
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- **Model**: DeepSeek-V3
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- **Parallelism**: 12 parallel API workers
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- **Prompting**: each generation was prompted with the target genre's
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official AraGenre English definition and asked to produce an Arabic text
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matching that genre's communicative function, register, and structure —
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not just its topic.
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## Intended Use
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This dataset is intended for **training-data augmentation** when building
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Arabic genre classifiers. The AraGenre 2026 shared task rules permit
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participants to use LLMs to generate synthetic *training* data.
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## Authors
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